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GHS Category - Chronic Aquatic Toxicity
Posted Date:2022/6/17
GHS Definition:
Chronic aquatic toxicity refers to the properties of a substance itself that can cause harmful effects to organisms that come into contact with the substance in water, as determined relative to the life cycle of the organism.
Long-term (chronic) hazard, for classification purposes, refers to the chronic toxicity of a chemical, which results from prolonged exposure to that toxicity in the aquatic environment.
Chronic aquatic toxicity criteria:
Substances for which sufficient chronic toxicity data are not available
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Category
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Standard
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Category 1
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96 hour LC50 (for fish) ≤1 mg/L and/or
48 hour EC50 (for crustaceans) ≤1 mg/L and/or
72 or 96 hours ErC50 (for algae or other aquatic plants) ≤1 mg/L
and the substance does not degrade rapidly, and/or the test-determined BCF ≥ 500 (in the absence of test results, log Kow ≥ 4)
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Category 2
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96 hours LC50 (for fish) >1 but ≤ 10 mg/L and/or
48 hour EC50 (for crustaceans) >1 but ≤ 10 mg/L and/or
72 or 96 hours ErC50 (for algae or other aquatic plants) >1 but ≤ 10 mg/L
and the substance does not degrade rapidly, and/or the test-determined BCF ≥ 500 (in the absence of test results, log Kow ≥ 4)
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Category 3
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96 hours LC50 (for fish) >10 but ≤100 mg/L and/or
48 hour EC50 (for crustaceans) >10 but ≤100 mg/L and/or
72 or 96 hours ErC50 (for algae or other aquatic plants) >10 but ≤100 mg/L
and the substance cannot be rapidly degraded, and/or the BCF determined by the test is ≥ 500
(in the absence of test results, log Kow ≥ 4)
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Category 4
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Less soluble substances exhibiting no acute toxicity below water solubility levels and not rapidly degrading, log Kow ≥ 4, and exhibiting bioaccumulation potential will be classified in this category unless there is other scientific evidence that no classification is required. Such evidence includes experimentally determined BCF < 500, or chronic toxic NOECs > 1 mg/L, or evidence of rapid degradation in the environment.
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Examples of chronic aquatic toxicants:
▪benzofuran
▪1,2-Phenylenediamine
▪1,3-Phenylenediamine
▪Phenol solution
▪2-Phenylpropene
▪New Yanling
▪Mercury Benzoate
Labelling and classification of chronic aquatic toxicity:
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Classification
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Label
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Hazard statement code
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Hazard category
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Hazard classification
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Pictograms
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Signal word
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Hazard statement
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GHS
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United Nations Model Regulations
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Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term (chronic)
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1
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Warn
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Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
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H410
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2
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Warn
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Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
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H411
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3
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None
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None
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None
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Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects
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H412
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4
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None
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None
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None
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May cause long lasting harmful effects to aquatic life
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H413
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